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Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics
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2/2024
vol. 99
 
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abstract:
Case report

A case of an 11-year-old boy with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with coronavirus disease, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Ewa Błaszczyk
1
,
Małgorzata Firek-Pędras
1
,
Elżbieta Berdej-Szczot
1
,
Agnieszka Mizia-Malarz
2, 3
,
Anna Gruenpeter
4
,
Iwona Lachór-Motyka
4
,
Sabina Więcek
5
,
Aneta Gawlik-Starzyk
1

  1. Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. Department of Oncology, Haematology and Chemotherapy, Upper Silesia Children’s Care Health Centre, Katowice, Poland
  3. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  4. Department of Rheumatology, The Paediatric Centre in Sosnowiec, Poland
  5. Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Pediatr Pol 2024; 99 (2): 167-174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2024.140856
Online publish date: 2024/06/27
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After the announcement of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a new disease connected with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection was described: paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with coronavirus disease (PIMS). PIMS is an acute and potentially dangerous inflammatory syndrome that may lead to cardiac complications. It requires differential diagnosis with Kawasaki disease. Some patients with PIMS can develop macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), which until now has occurred most commonly with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and is closely related to haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). In this article we present a case report of a patient with diagnosed PIMS, including PIMS with MAS, and with later diagnosis of HLH and JIA.
keywords:

paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with coronavirus disease, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, COVID-19, macrophage activation syndrome