eISSN: 2449-8580
ISSN: 1734-3402
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
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3/2024
vol. 26
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Comparison of remission rates in Egyptian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors below the age of fifty

Mohamed Said Abd Elwahab
1
,
Nermein Sayed Abd Elaziz
1
,
Nehad Mohamed Tawfeek
1
,
Moataz Fathy Mohamed
1
,
Ibrahem Ahmed Ibrahem
1

  1. Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2024; 26(3): 299–302
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.142554
Online publish date: 2024/09/30
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Background
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) originates in a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell of the bone marrow and is characterized by greatly increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood. Myeloid and other hematopoietic cell lineages are involved in the process of clonal proliferation and differentiation. On the cellular level, CML is associated with a specific chromosome abnormality, the t(9; 22) reciprocal translocation that forms the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. The Ph chromosome is the result of a molecular rearrangement between the c-ABL proto-oncogene on chromosome 9 and the BCR (breakpoint cluster region) gene on chromosome 22.

Objectives
To compare the characteristics and remission rates after 6 months of therapy in CML patients treated with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Material and methods
We conducted a case control study including 70 CML patients and 50 healthy controls. The cases were sub-grouped into two groups: imatinib and nilotinib.

Results
We enrolled 70 patients diagnosed with CML and who were receiving TKI. They were divided into two groups according to the type of TKI: imatinib and nilotinib. There was no statistically significant difference between study groups in terms of age, gender, prevalence of diabetes, smoking, and baseline laboratory findings with p > 0.05. After completion of 6 months of therapy, the highest incidence of remission was in patients on nilotinib treatment (n = 27, 77.1% versus n = 16, 45.7%) compared to the imatinib group (p = 0.007).

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that nilotinib had greater efficacy compared to imatinib in patients who were newly diagnosed with chronic-phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML.

keywords:

leukemia, myelogenous, chronic, BCR-ABL positive, tyrosine, Egypt, patients

  
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