Późne powikłania po urazach przenikających narządu wzroku spowodowanych wniknięciem ciał obcych do wnętrza gałki i oczodołu

Introduction
To evaluate late complications in patients with penetrating ocular injuries caused by intraocular or intraorbital foreign bodies (IOFBs).

Material and methods
We reviewed 58 posttraumatic patients with IOFBs removed by external electromagnet or intraocular forceps. The patients underwent a follow-up examinations at 1 to 7 years after trauma. We noted final visual acuity, frequency and type of complications and following surgical treatment.

Results
Final visual acuity of 5/50 or more was obtained in 65.5% of patients. Ocular complications were found in 50 patients (86.2%). The most frequent consequence of past trauma was corneal scar (58.6%), cataract (44.8%), and retinal detachment (20.7%). 37 patients (63.7%), required the next surgical interventions. 23 patients (39.6%), underwent posttraumatic cataract extraction, 9 (15.5%) – pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment or vitreoretinal proliferations, 5 (8.6%) – scleral buckling procedure, 3 (5.2%) – antiglaucoma surgery, and 2 (3.4%) – enucleation.

Conclusions
Penetrating ocular injuries caused by IOFBs were often complicated with corneal scar, cataract and retinal detachment. More than 2/3rd of patients required subsequent surgical interventions.