eISSN: 1897-4252
ISSN: 1731-5530
Kardiochirurgia i Torakochirurgia Polska/Polish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
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2/2024
vol. 21
 
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abstract:
Review paper

The role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage enzymes in cardioprotection

Fazle Kibria
1
,
Sudip Kumar Das
2
,
Md Sahidul Arefin
3

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
  2. Department of Otolaryngology and ENT Surgery, Kolkata Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
  3. Department of Otolaryngology and ENT Surgery, IPGME & R-SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
Kardiochirurgia i Torakochirurgia Polska 2024; 21 (2): 86-95
Online publish date: 2024/07/07
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The increasing trend of cardiac diseases is becoming a major threat globally. Cardiac activities are based on integrated action potential through electronic flux changes within intra- and extracellular molecular activities. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a major electron carrier present in almost all living cells and creates gated potential by electron exchange from one chemical to another in terms of oxidation (NAD+) and reduction (NADH) reactions. NAD+ plays an important role directly or indirectly in protecting against various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, occlusion, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (MI), rhythmic disorder, and a higher order of cardiovascular complexity. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is well known as a rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway except for de-novo NAD synthesis and directly involved in the cardioprotective activity. There are two more enzymes – nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT) and nicotinamide riboside kinase (NRK) – which also work as rate-limiting factors in the NAD+ synthesis pathway. This study concentrated on the role of NAMPT, NAPRT, and NRK in cardioprotective activity and prospective cardiac health.
keywords:

nicotinamide, nicotinate, cardioprotection, cardiovascular disease, nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase

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