Effectiveness of modern methods of controlling myopia progression: a review

The myopia epidemic is becoming a more serious problem every year. It affects more and more children and adolescents, with the consequence that in a few years’ time a significant proportion of the adult population will be affected. Animal and human studies show that the development of myopia is the result of the interaction of genetic factors (it has been observed that the prevalence of myopia is higher in people with one or both myopic parents) and environmental factors (studies suggest that the development of myopia is related to more time spent on near-work activities). This article presents methods to control myopia progression based on relevant research from recent years. The article will discuss the following methods of controlling myopia progression: soft contact lenses, orthokeratology, atropinization, bifocal and multifocal spectacle lenses, and spectacle lenses using DIMS and HAL technology. The article will also discuss studies combining the use of atropine with optical methods.