Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries

Andrzej Grzybowski; Agnieszka Polak; Tomasz Kazało; Jarosław Sak; Katarzyna Jońska-Szuszkiewicz

doi:10.5114/ko.2016.71661

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Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica

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abstract:

Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries

Andrzej Grzybowski

^{1, 2}

,

Agnieszka Polak

³

,

Tomasz Kazało

⁴

,

Jarosław Sak

⁵

,

Katarzyna Jońska-Szuszkiewicz

⁶

Oddział Okulistyczny Wielospecjalistycznego Szpitala Miejskiego w Poznaniu
Katedra Okulistyki Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie
Zakład Nauk Medycznych Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie
Oddział Okulistyczny Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Zespolonego w Lesznie
Zakład Etyki i Filozofii Człowieka, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
Oddział Okulistyczny Wojewódzkiego Centrum Szpitalnego Kotliny Jeleniogórskiej w Jeleniej Górze

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2016.71661

Online publish date: 2017/11/29

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AMA

Grzybowski A, Polak A, Kazało T, Sak J, Jońska-Szuszkiewicz K. Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries. Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica. 2016;118(1):78-85. doi:10.5114/ko.2016.71661.

APA

Grzybowski, A., Polak, A., Kazało, T., Sak, J.,  & Jońska-Szuszkiewicz, K. (2016). Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries. Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica, 118(1), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2016.71661

Chicago

Grzybowski, Andrzej, Agnieszka Polak, Tomasz Kazało, Jarosław Sak,  and Katarzyna Jońska-Szuszkiewicz. 2016. "Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries". Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica 118 (1): 78-85. doi:10.5114/ko.2016.71661.

Harvard

Grzybowski, A., Polak, A., Kazało, T., Sak, J.,  and Jońska-Szuszkiewicz, K. (2016). Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries. Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica, 118(1), pp.78-85. https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2016.71661

MLA

Grzybowski, Andrzej et al. "Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries." Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica, vol. 118, no. 1, 2016, pp. 78-85. doi:10.5114/ko.2016.71661.

Vancouver

Grzybowski A, Polak A, Kazało T, Sak J, Jońska-Szuszkiewicz K. Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries. Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica. 2016;118(1):78-85. doi:10.5114/ko.2016.71661.

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Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) was a Polish ophthalmologist of Jewish origin, the founder of the „Medical Critique“ magazine. He studied medicine at the Main School of Warsaw and Imperial University of Warsaw, graduating in 1872, and completed his PhD in 1879 submitting the dissertation entitled “On changes perceived in eyes of leukaemic patients”. From 1880 to 1904 he was the head of the Ophthalmic Ward at the Orthodox Jew Hospital in Warsaw. In 1898 he was appointed the chief physician in that hospital, remaining in this role for the next 4 years. Zygmunt Kramsztyk wrote critiques, essays and popular science articles. He penned many works on ophthalmology. He also wrote a textbook entitled “Clinical symptoms of eye diseases”.

keywords:

Zygmunt Kramsztyk (1849–1920) – the most outstanding medical philosopher among Polish ophthalmologists of the 19th and 20th centuries

Andrzej Grzybowski 1, 2 , Agnieszka Polak 3 , Tomasz Kazało 4 , Jarosław Sak 5 , Katarzyna Jońska-Szuszkiewicz 6

Zygmunt Kramsztyk, Warsaw ophthalmology, Jewish ophthalmology, Polish ophthalmology, history of ophthalmology

Andrzej Grzybowski

^{1, 2}

,

Agnieszka Polak

³

,

Tomasz Kazało

⁴

,

Jarosław Sak

⁵

,

Katarzyna Jońska-Szuszkiewicz

⁶